OxJournal is an academic platform for intellectually engaged young people. We publish high-quality, university-level research papers produced by 12-18 year olds under the supervision of an expert academic or researcher in their chosen field of study. We hope the papers published here will inspire you to further explore your own academic interests and potential.
Business, Economics & Finance
To What Extent Do AI-Driven Trading Models Improve Trading Decisions Without Increasing Systemic Risk?
Trading has been revolutionised by the rapid adoption of AI-driven trading models. This paper explores to what extent do these trading models improve trading decisions without increasing systemic risk during periods of market volatility.
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Assessing the Extent to Which Regulatory Architecture Enables Monetary Sovereignty Alongside Financial Inclusion in Emerging Markets
This paper tests three propositions: that higher adoption of digital financial services raises financial inclusion, that it also moves monetary and liquidity risk from central banks to private firms outside their control, and that stronger regulatory architecture weakens the second effect.
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Computer Science & Coding
Explainable Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review of Methods, Applications, Challenges and Future Directions
Explainability is a significant weakness of artificial intelligence. While modern AI delivers outstanding performance, its black box creates significant trust and safety difficulties for users. This paper provides an overview of explainable AI (XAI), a field dedicated to making AI decisions more transparent and interpretable.
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The Evolution of Explainable AI: Applications, Ethical Considerations and Responsible Use
This paper seeks to explore the history of artificial intelligence (AI) and explainable AI (XAI), including its recent role in a multitude of disciplines, such as healthcare, finance and law. The paper seeks to explore both the advantages and disadvantages of deploying XAI in the concerned fields and to visualise its use in the future.
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Engineering
How Does Electric Propulsion in Modern eVTOL Aircraft Compare with Traditional Rotor-Based Systems?
This paper asks how electric propulsion in modern eVTOLs compares with traditional ways of flying and what challenges will decide whether electric flying vehicles become part of everyday travel.
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Applications of Ceramic Matrix Composites in Hydrogen Turbines
Greenhouse gases are an increasingly present threat to our environment, and to preserve the lifetime of our planet, reductions in emissions are necessary. This paper examines hydrogen turbines for reducing emissions, explores the current operational challenges and presents one potential solution in the form of ceramic matrix composites designed for this application.
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Law
Gateways to Justice: Assessing the Fitness, Reform and Reach of English Jurisdictional Rules
The expansion of cross-border commerce has made the question of when English courts may exercise jurisdiction over foreign defendants one of the most contested issues in private international law. This paper evaluates the English jurisdictional framework in three stages.
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Artificial Intelligence and Its Influence on Competition Law
Competition law aims to promote healthy competition within a country. In this research paper, the authors focus on traditional aspects of competition law, regulated by the European Commission (EC), and discuss how AI can have positive and negative implications in the region of competition.
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Medicine
Machine Learning Approaches to the Diagnosis and Prognostication of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is largely asymptomatic in the early stages of disease, and therefore routine screening is recommended for all people with diabetes. This paper is a focused review of the published literature regarding machine learning approaches to the diagnosis and prognosis of DR.
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Breast Cancer: Using AI for Detection and Diagnosis
By consolidating the current landscape of breast cancer diagnosis and exploring the major AI methodologies and their clinical applications, this review evaluates the challenges and ethical considerations surrounding AI implementation and considers future directions for integrating AI into breast cancer care.
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Politics & International Relations
Digital Sovereignty and the Political Economy of Technology: A Comparative Study of U.S. and China Perspectives
This paper is a comparative study of the U.S. and China perspectives on digital sovereignty and how it has contributed to severing political and international relations between the two nations. The discussion will focus on security, data localisation, technological advancement, rights and freedoms of citizens and global governance as depicted within the two countries.
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The Diplomacy of Unequals: Power Asymmetries in Global Climate Diplomacy
Global climate diplomacy is commonly presented as a cooperative, science-driven enterprise, but its practice is shaped by profound structural and strategic power asymmetries. This paper discusses the compatibility between climate policies, institutions and the diplomatic actions of powerful states with the adaptive and strategic manoeuvring of less powerful states.
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Psychology & Neuroscience
Neural Mechanisms of Romantic Attachment Persistence Following Relationship Dissolution: Toward an Integrated Framework
This review synthesises current neuroscientific evidence to propose an integrated neurobiological framework for understanding romantic love and rejection. It contends that romantic rejection results from the coordinated activity of multiple neurobiological systems rather than the disruption of a single neural pathway.
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How Might Mind-Reading Technologies Be Used Responsibly in Law, Education and Employment?
Advances in artificial intelligence and neurotechnology are transforming the way researchers interpret brain activity. This paper explores how mind-reading technologies might be used responsibly in education, law and employment, balancing innovation with ethics, privacy and human rights.
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